PLEASE UTILIZE THIS SECTION FOR UNIT 4 DISCUSSIONS. RAISE QUESTIONS ABOUT CONFUSING CONCEPTS OR ABOUT ASSIGNMENTS, OR DIALOGUE IN GENERAL TO TALK HISTORY WITH YOUR CLASSMATES.
Content:
UNIT 4 POWER POINT (CLICK NAME TO YOUR LEFT TO ACCESS THE POWER POINT)
Unit 4 Notes
Unit 4 Terms to Know
Unit 4 Essay Questions
Unit 4 Group Presentation Directions
Scientific Revolution Summary
Enlightenment Summary
Agricultural Revolution & Industrial Revolution Summary
Mercantilism to Adam Smith
Unit 4 Document Packets:
Scientific Rev. Document Packet #1
Scientific Rev. Document Packet #2
Scientific Rev. Document Packet #3 (Women)
Enlightenment Document Packet #1
Enlightenment Document Packet #2
Enlightenment Document Packet #3 (Enlightenment Despot - Socratic Seminar)
Socratic Seminar Question: To What extent is the term “Enlightened Despot” appropriate when describing the reigns of Frederick the Great, Catherine the Great and Joseph II?
“In the 18th century, people turned to the (new science) enlightenment ideas for a better understanding of the social and economic problems of the day.” Assess the validity of this statement by using specific examples from the Enlightenment era. Remember to respond to the question in 6-8 sentences (yes it can be longer) and to respond to two of your classmates answers in 4-6 sentences. Do not just agree or disagree without defending or justifying your argument.) NOTE: YOU CANNOT SAY "I AGREE WITH JOE AND BOB AND WRITE ONE RESPONSE. IT MUST BE TWO SEPARATE RESPONSES WITH TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES TO SUPPORT WHAT YOU SAY. Think above and beyond the common answers that you may see. Be sure to challenge your classmates with controversial tactics, actions or selections. Good Luck!!!! Go Mustangs!!!
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82 comments:
This new science era, or scientific revolution was the founding time of a new world so to say. Many people brought their view of the world and universe into a new light.Although this time period was new step in the evolution of man kind, many of the ideas we started to embrace we not new at all. Ideas of the enlightenment started to expand and thrive in this new found time of the scientific revolution. The enlightenment resulted from the scientific revolution and was fostered by the ideas of Newtonian, political stability, and economic reform throughout Europe. Many scholars began to question government and society, because they wanted new economic growth and reform. A major factor in this was Newtonian science in which Sir Newton thought human reason was the key to life. Several philosophers were inspired by these ideas to move from the church and question its exstistance. These philosophers used Bacon's inductive method of reasoning to test their theories. These experiments brough up and tested many questions of the social and economic problems of the time period.
The Enlightenment was a time of a new age of thinking and reason beyond the authority of The Catholic Church. and/or the government. Adam Smith introduced the idea of capitalism as a means of opposing the mercantilism system. This economic theory would serve as replacement for mercantilism where the government would have no interference. Smith and another physiocrat, Francois Quesney, used "laissez faire to advocate a growth in agriculture for a more prosperous economy.
The enlightenment was also used to reform society. The concept of deism could improve society based on natural laws. The Rationalists group tried to promote the perfectibility of society. Reasoning and the idea of Newton's natural laws allowed for people to examine themselves and work towards a better and more civil society.
Okay so im pretty upset because i typed out my comment and i was happy about it then my internet went down.. and i have to type it all over but here goes.
In my opinion it seemed more like the enlightenment era had effected more of the power of the clergy rather than economy. The reason why I felt this was because a majority of new ideas from philosophers and philosophes were going against what the church and the bible had said so it brought people to question the church and its power. For example, when Copernicus had brought up heliocentric theory that the sun was in the center and the earth orbited around the sun, it had gone against the bible and people began to question the clergy, however Copernicus could not support his theory until Newton and Galileo. Of course the enlightenment era had also effected economy especially with all the new ideas being created. One in particular was the Laissez- Faire policy, which was an essential part in capitalism. The Laissez Faire policy is basically saying that the government should not interfere with commercial affairs.
The enlightenment ideas and scientific discoveries of the 18th century were, in my opinion, initiated by the need for a better understanding of the social and economic problems of the era. Primarily, the discovery of new ideas were influenced by government interference and the indoctrination of the Catholic Church, which in turn compelled people to look to themselves to solve the problems. This brought about ideas that were meant to improve social and economic issues. These ideas included Deism, laissez faire, the use of reason, and the scientific revolution. The philosophy of Deism rejected the fundamental doctrines of Christianity and states that God does not interfere with the daily affairs of humans. This demonstrated a stage where people were becoming less dependent on the Church and religion to solve all of society's problems. In addition, laissez faire, or capitalism, stated that the government should not interfere with production and thus restrict competition. This economic approach created a growth in agriculture and better economy. Next, the belief that faith in reason could influence man's independence ignited an age of enlightened thinking. Individuals took the situation in their own hands with the belief that humans could create better societies and people. With the discovery of theories and new technology, the scientific method was thought to solve society's problems as well as natural science and reason.
Susie,
Although the ideas of the philosophes did oppose the Church and the Bible, they also created a separation between the Church and society in a way that the people no longer relied on the Church for solutions to society's problems. Without a source for information, individuals turned to the ideas of the enlightenment, natural science, and reason. Deism had a large role in this as well. This separation of church and state created opportunities for thinkers to come up with ideas for reform and improvements of society and the economy, thus supporting that the enlightenment era did not only affect the power of the clergy.
Leilah,
I agree with what you have to say about the Enlightenment. Reason and natural laws did indeed compel people to reform society. However, it is also important to remember that deism created a separation between the Church and the affairs of humans, thus setting people free, if you may, from the indoctrination of the Catholic Church. This was a significant factor of the enlightenment and scientific revolution because people had to seek out answers for themselves. As for the economy, the policy of laissez faire created a separation between the government and commercial affairs, thus improving production, much like what you said.
I believe that people in the 18th century turned more towards the enlightenment ideas for an understanding of social and economical problems rather than the advancements in science. Although new science would effect people later on, the new enlightenment ideas effected most people in the 18th century. For example, Joseph II an enlightened despot,abolished serfdom and increased their freedom. He also gave people the freedom of press and religion as well as civil rights. Philosophes spread the ideas of enlightenment throughout Europe. Rousseau, a french philosoph, believed that civilization was destroying an individual. Ultimately, people began to think for themselves and made their opinions heard.
The enlightenment was a time of reason without religious belief. The enlightenment brought out ideas such as laissez faire.The laissez faire is a form of capitalism where the government cannot be a part of production. The laissez faire basically says "let it be" or "let them do as they wish".At the time, it increased societys autonomy which also brought along a sense of liberty. The scientific revolution was a time where people established new views of the universe. These ideas rejected the church's ideas. One forerunner in the scientific revolution was Nicoulas Copernicus. Copernicus' view of the galaxy was heliocentric opposing the ptolemaic system of the church.
In the 18th century people began to turn to the (new science) enlightenment ideas for better understanding of the social and economic problems of the day because it was when people started to speak out and find logical explanations for everything. Before this era the church would just say that bed things happen when God is mad towards the people. Everyone got a better explanation of what was going on around them in a logical way. Everything began to make more sense then just the people of the church angered God and that caused the social and economic problems. Copernicus brought up the idea that the planets rotated a certain way and many different people started to create theories of how the earth revolves or how the sun is in the center. People began to speak our and share their ideas to the world, letting others know that bigger things are out there. As people started to look at science their lives started to improve. Everything was looked at differently now that things had a bigger view to them.
I agree with bailey, people did bring their own views of the world to the light rather then hiding them. The enlightenment did result from the scientific revolution because that was when things started to improve. Many different philopsophers were inspired by these different ideas and began to creat theories. Everyone had a different idea on how the planets orbited and how they were set up.
I agree with leilah, the enlightenment was an age of new thinking and reason beyond the authority of the Catholic Church. The catholic church was no longer responsabile for explainging how things happened the way they did. i agree that the enlightenment was used to form society as well. Logic and reasoning was highly used because new explanations and theories were created, people began to put their ideas out there and publish about them.
The Scientific Revolution changed Europe is many ways just besides advancement in Technology. A lot of controversy was created, but at the same time Science always proved right at the age and time. It was definitely a step forward for some European countries and others it was something they were missing out on. The ones that allowed and supported Scientific Research thrived far more than ones that did no support and went against Scientific Research. Such as the heliocentric system that was created by Copernicus and reassured by many other scientist through mathematical reasoning. Yet it was completely against the church, but they had no reasoning behind it besides the bible. It opened society to new ideas and on an economic level it questioned the government and the church. New technology does affect society on an economic level seeing that with many advancements can change society itself.
@Miguel Butiu I definitely agree on the fact that the Enlightenment changed society more so than the Scientific Revolution. The Scientific Revolution did change society after so many advancements that had to be made. Unlike the Enlightenment where you can put out an idea and expose it to many other people and make them think about it. The Scientific Era or Revolution was more important on an advancement level, but on a economic level possibly the Enlightenment was quicker. Scientific Era took a while for advancements for the economy to change.
@BaileyRachelle I do agree with you on the Scientific Era and how it brought a new view to the world. It was definitely an advancement that did question the government quite a bit seeing all the stuff they've sad previously. The Scientific Method or the Inductive method could of been a way to solve economic problems, but not only that many ideas were coming in. So the monarchies that were more open and supportive of new ideas tried anything that seemed logical in a sense. I think if you could draw it out and persuade it to look good then they'd take it at that point and time.
Audacious scientists from the Scientific Revolution developed many concepts and theories that contradicted those of the Catholic Church,leading to further questioning of the clergy's authority. This new emphasis on free-thinking, logic, reason, and curiosity resulted in the Enlightenment movement. Philosophes such as Voltaire and Montesquieu analyzed and developed ideas on the topic of government, natural laws, and human nature. Classical liberalism derived from these thoughts, which advocated liberty, equality, progress, and freedoms. This proved to influence the rulers at the time, such as Catherine the Great and Joseph II; their method of rule became known as Enlightened despotism. Through this, education was also reformed accordingly to fit Enlightenment ideas.Ideas of the philosophes also led to ideas that affected the economy. Adam Smith developed the "laissez faire," the method of pure capitalism. The laissez faire explained the free market as an "invisible hand," which guides the proper quality and quantity of goods.
Leilah,
I agree with your claims, as the Enlightenment did indeed provoke curiosity and thought beyond the teachings provided by the Catholic Church. The new ideas from the philosophes further led to the development of other ideas, such as the laissez faire. The introduction of capitalism opposed the traditional economic basis of mercantilism, and led to many economic reforms, including the reform of the agrarian system. Not only so, but the concepts of deism and natural laws that derived from Enlightenment thinking reformed government, education, and social systems.
@Justin,
The Scientific Revolution did indeed provide the foundation for the development of new ideas and curiosity. However, what new ideas did the scientists provoke? Also, you were correct in stating that the production of new scientific technology stimulated the economy, but what about new economic theories and reforms, such as the laissez faire? In fact,capitalism was a revolutionary concept that resulted from Enlightenment ideas. Nonetheless, I agree with your statement that the Scientific Revolution laid the foundation in which Enlightenment thought was able to be instituted.
It was believed the in the 18th century, many people have turned to the scientific revolution for a better understanding of the social and economic problems. The scientific revolution had provided many technology advances to help improve the social and economical lives. For example, the telescope and the thermometer were inventions that helped improve facts. I believe that this time period of enlightenment made a powerful impact on the society and rebellions against the church. Galileo was seen as the hero of the scientific revolution. He had rebelled against the Catholic Church saying that the Earth was not the center of the universe. By his out spoken words, he was punished and forced to admit he was wrong. But by his spoken opinion, his voice was heard and had changed the world forever, From then on, other scientist throughout France had questioned the Church’s facts and had rebelled against them to seek the truth.
Miguel Butiu, I agree with you completely on how the social and economical problems had been more enlightened by the advancements in science. The rebellions against the church during the 18th century had severe consequences but had made the commoners during that time period realize that others could be right and not only the church. However, I believe that the advancements in science had been improved tremendously because of the social rebellions against the Church. For example, Galileo had gone against the Church’s words on how the Earth was the center of the universe, claiming that the Earth was not in the center. Proved later, that the Sun was the center of the universe instead. Because of Galileo’s words, this had lead to the advancements in science because his statement became a fact and motivated other scientists to seek out the truth of the universe.
baileyrachelle, I have to agree with you and how many people had brought their view of the world and universe into a new light, thus starting the Scientific Revolution Enlightenment. I agree with you the Bacon, a philosopher and used and created the inductive method of reasoning to test theories. His method had been used by other scientists in the era and is still being used today. The experiments tested, have brought social and economical problems in the time because of how the Church was displeased and the commoners confusion on what fact and who to believe. However, I wish that you would of have used more examples.
The events of the Scientific Revolution, where numerous philosophers and thinkers proposed various natural laws and ideas about how the world worked that went against the Catholic church, sparked the Enlightenment of the 18th century. This movement involved the use of rational thought and reason as well as the forming of various ideas regarding the errors in the economic and social aspects of society and how it could be reformed. One person that displayed this aspect of the enlightenment was Frederick the Great. Frederick the Great believed in many ideas of the enlightenment, such as people having natural rights and the importance of fair treatment, which influenced his reforms and way of rule as an enlightened despot. Frederick's reforms reflected ideas of the enlightenment through the maintaining of religious tolerance, freedom of press,establishment of a fair and faster legal process,and abolishing the unnecessarily cruel practices in the legal system. Frederick also developed Prussia into a more educated state, establishing a public education system and making it a rule for court judges to be educated. Frederick also made many efforts to improve the economic aspects of his state through agricultural reforms and industrialization by building factories. These reforms reflected much of the enlightenment ideas and were aimed to better many of the aspects of society.
Alex,
I agree with your statement that various reforms were made in order to reflect the ideas of the enlightenment. The enlightenment involved the use of rational thinking and proper reasoning, so it would make sense that those who take up important positions in society be educated. An example of this is how during Frederick's rule, Frederick ensured that all judges in the court system were adequately educated. This was done to make sure court decisions were fair and in good reason.
Dakarai,
I agree with your statement that under the Enlightenment, laissez faire' emerged. It did promote the idea that government should not have any control over trade. This was a result of what some physiocrats believed would help the economy. Although this question is for the Enlightenment, you could say that the new views of the universe created a more knowledgeable society as that was often a problem.
Susie,
I understand your opinion on the Enlightenment affecting the Church more than the economy. However, even if people did start to question the Church's authority from the new discoveries made, they did not however completely push the Church aside. Instead, they tried to separate the Church from the state. Although this did affect them, the idea of separation was meant to improve society and the economy.
Justin,
I agree with your statement that the scientists that were part of the scientific revolution had more support through mathematical reasoning than those that were against the movement. The church rejected the ideas of the movement due to ideas of the bible alone. On the other hand, scientists had support from mathematical formulas and evidence. Their ideas were also supported by Descartes' tactic of deductive reasoning as well.
The Enlightenment was a point in time of which natural science and reason was the answer to anything, a time where people could think for themselves and to have faith in reasoning rather than faith in revelation. New ideas came about which includes deism, laissez faire (capitalism), and the scientific revolution. Deism was the idea that the existence of God was a rational explanation of the universe in which the universe was governed by “natural law”; meaning that everything is functioning on its own. Classical liberalism arose with strong beliefs of liberty, equality, progress and freedom. At that time period, rulers took the ideas of that and philosophes, such as Voltaire, and incorporated them into their way of ruling which became known as Enlightened despotism. Laissez faire, also known as capitalism, was an idea created by Adam Smith, explaining that the free market is guided by an “invisible hand” to produce the right variety and amount of goods which in turn bettered the economy. The scientific revolution was a time where new scientific theories and technology were discovered, such as the scientific method. The scientific method was thought to be capable of explaining the laws of society. Overall, the Enlightenment era was a time in history that people turned to for a better understanding of social and economic issues.
Rosaline,
I agree with you when you say that the Enlightenment was a time when logical explanations arose and in turn people began to spread their beliefs. Because these beliefs were spread, people started to view life differently thus questioning the Church. I also agree with you when you say people had either a heliocentric view or a geocentric view of the universe. However, I wish you would’ve explained more about how the enlightenment, overall, resolved social and economic issues rather than assessing, specifically, the scientific revolution ideas.
Dakarai,
I agree with you when you say the enlightenment brought out ideas such as the Laissez faire in which there should be no government relations or interference with production. I also agree with you when you say new views of the universe were made, some that went against the Church. Because of these different views, a separation between society and the Church was made. However, the enlightenment era was not a time completely without religious beliefs. Isaac Newton, for example, incorporated religious views with his own views therefore; the church and their views were not completely opposed.
The Enlightenment brought many new ways of thining during the 18th century in Europe. Not only did science help people understand economic problems but soical ones as well. People had stopped looking toward the church for answers and started thinking for themselves. People no longer had to go with what the church had told them and because of this many new ideas were formed benifiting social vaules and economic ones as well. An important idea that was introduced was "laissez faire". This idea meant that governments stayed away from businesses allowing them to grown and stimulate the economy.
Dakarai,I agree with you on the idea of laissez faire. This concept was created during the enlightenment and introduce a new way to help the economy. Beacause of the enlightenment people began to think outside the box and this was one of many great ideas to come forth of this revolutionary way of thinking.
Christian Laforga, I agree with what you said about Frederick the Great's role as an elightened despot. He brought a new way of ruling and thinking by saying that people have natural rights and the importance of fair treatment of people. Fredericks tolerance both religiously and socialy were examples of enlightenment ideas leading to a prospering nation.
@justin I don't agree with your statement "Scientific Era took a while for advancements for the economy to change." Could you please explain to me what advances in science effected the economy? I honestly don't see how the "discovery" (more like realization) of gravity could impact the economy. The discovery of the planets orbits did not have an effect on the economy. You said that it took a while for advancements for the economy to change but my opinion is that the discoveries of the scientific revolution had very little impact on economy, even many years after the revolution. The only way, in my opinion, the scientific revolution made an impact on the economy is if Isaac Newton sold the apple that fell on his head.
The Enlightenment, a European intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries, was a movement that involved the synthesis of ideas that pertained to God, reason, nature, and man into a worldview of influential groundbreaking developments in politics, art, and philosophy. In this time period, people turned to the enlightenment ideas for a better understanding of the social and economic problems of the day. One person, in particular, who demonstrated this aspect of enlightenment, was John Locke. He wrote about the natural rights of Life, Liberty, and, Property. John Locke also wrote that government was created by consent of the governed in order to protect these natural rights. If the government did not protect these rights John Locke said that people had the right to rebel and dissolve the government. This was the philosophical justification of the American Revolution. His writings soon became the basis for the declaration of independence. So the statement, “In the 18th century, people turned to the (new science) enlightenment ideas for a better understanding of the social and economic problems of the day,” is indeed valid in the case of John Locke because he did use enlightenment ideas that helped solved problems that appeared in the future.
@Christian Laforga,
I agree with your statement that Frederick's reforms reflected ideas of the enlightenment through the maintaining of religious tolerance, freedom of press, establishment of a fair, faster, legal process, and abolishing the unnecessarily cruel practices in the legal system, because, like John Locke’s ideas, they both believed that the government must protect the people’s natural right. This would make sense because if the people didn’t attain their natural rights, the most likely outcome would be a rebellion. Of course, this is the one thing the enlightened despots wanted most not to happen.
@J_Nguyen,
I would have to agree with your statement when you stated that a lot of controversy was created, but at the same time Science always proved right at the age and time and that it was definitely a step forward for some European countries and others it was something they were missing out on. I find this to be a true statement because back in the 18th century, many people believed in certain theories due to the church being one of the main sources of information. Because some of the ideas, such as the Sun being the center of our solar system, contradicted the statements made by the church, such as the Earth being the center, a lot of controversy was raised. Blood was shed, theories were dismissed, and ideas were not accepted until long after.
During this time was when people started to have their own opinions on the way that things worked instead of just believing what they heard. People were eventually getting used to the idea of having their own perspectives on various ideas and voicing them out. More people started to question what the bible says, therefore looking to science to hopefully provide the answers. In the social aspect more people started to either be for or against the ideas being spread by scientists. Things were proven otherwise than what the bible says, which then caused confusion considering how suddenly what has been thought to be true since that it’s written in such a holy text is now false after all of this time. Since people no longer trusted their own religion they began to go against the church. Smith's theory changed the agricultural priorities of economics in his assertion that "labor, not nature, was the source of value". In other words, it is the availability (and cost) of labor, rather than whether the weather is seasonable or not, that contributes to the overall economic picture. What Smith argued was that many economists previously had "failed to see that labor could produce wealth wherever it performed, not just on the land". Overall, many perspectives changed for the better in which the people were able to further develop sense of independence and free thinking, which are exemplified through the effects that it had on their social lives and the economy.
Christian L.
I agree with your response considering how Frederick indeed made quite a lot of reforms. It really depicts how the enlightenment really inspired him enough for him to incorporate it into his rule.In the end, he did not rule by his own personal whims, but always under the guidance of what was most beneficial for Prussia, and he expected his people to possess the same devotion. He even financed the rebuilding of towns through agricultural reforms and built thousands of miles of roads.
Uriel N
The eighteenth century was an age that witnessed new revolutionary ideas that would be major proponents to government policies that still exist today. Ideas such as that of a separation of powers, as was in montesquieu’s case, helped resolve economic issues that were so universal, the ideals remain in context to today’s society. The enlightenment ideas that arose in the time period included tolerance, an idea heavily supported by thinkers and philosophes like Voltaire and Locke. In a time of questioning, inspired by the revival of antiquity, people began turning to these inspiring individuals in hopes of reform and new rational. For example, in Adam Smith’s work Inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations, he developed a four-stage theory where societies were classified as hunting/gathering, pastoral, agricultural, or commercial. Such a theory evaluated the economic development of a society and rank it according to most sophisticated in hopes to understand the evolution of society. Individuals of the eighteenth century looked at such theories and ideals as a means to understand society and further improve it.
Justin, I agree with you that the Enlightenment era had effected the technology however that is not the only way it effected the economy during the time. The Laissez- Faire was also put in at the time. It had made sure that the government did not interfere with business situations. The laissez Faire had helped the economy to grow greatly.
So it is correct that technology had somewhat effected the economy however the laissez-faire had effected a bit more.
Leilah,
I agree with your response and I like how you incorporated Adam Smith considering how he made pretty big contributions to ideas pertaining to the economy.Mercantilism is the economic theory that colonies exist solely for the benefit of the mother country since that it was trade with only one country, which results in less profit.Capitalism is all privately owned companies trading with whomever they choose, which results in a higher profit.
I agree with Jeremy in his claim that the ideals of John Locke helped individuals understand their society and economy. His belief in the right of the people helped spur what would become a social revolution, where people are no longer restrained by royal restriction. Instead societies developed under the beliefs of life, liberty, and property; unalienable rights granted to the total populous. Individuals were so inspired by this new understanding; new nations arose from its ideals. The United States of America stemmed from Locke’s beliefs of society.
Bailey, I agree that the experiments of the time had brought up many questions. However it was more questioning of the church. Your explanation does not really bring up the effects of the economy. The experiments had not brought up questions toward the economy however it did help the economy grow. Also the scholars had questioned the government and society not to better the economy they were just merely curious and ached to learn more. For example Galileo had not said that the bible was wrong it was just interpreted wrong, and he didn't say that because he wanted economic growth
Ashley, I agree with you in that Galileo was a major proponent in the spread of enlightened ideas, however I believe he was more of a facilitator of the ideals of the scientific revolution. Don't get me wrong, he still brought about the spread of enlightened beliefs, but more in the worldly aspect opposed to the economic influence of philosphes like Montesquieu. Although his outspoken methods did inspire further questioning of the social ideals of the day.
In the 18th century, people turned to the (new science) enlightenment ideas for a better understanding of the social and economic problems of the day to a certain extent.
Though people did turn to the new science enlightenment ideas for a better understanding of social and economic problems of the day, I feel that these ideas were more concepts that reformed society during the time. For instance, the Copernican system simply questioned the church's geocentric theories. Copernicas only developed his theories out of curiosity, not in order to explain a social problem. However, when Galileo furthered the study of the heavens, people began to question the Church. In doing so, it developed a better understanding of the religious aspect of society. This allowed for people to begin educating themselves more and exploring more.
In consideration to philosophical ideas, the enlightenment ideas seemed to be a cause of the establishment of society rather than be a result of. For instance, Thomas Hobbes wrote the Leviathan to support the idea of absolute political authority prior to the arrival of many absolute monarchs in the 17th century. This set a basis for this form of authority, which served to be very efficient in some countries.
Adam Smith’s encouragement of a mercantile system allowed Europeans to begin bringing “a higher level of civilization to people who lived in lower stages of human social and economic development.
Overall, it seems as though enlightenment ideas are what shaped society into the way it was rather than be a solution to problems.
Sorry! Adam Smith supported capitalism, not mercantilism!
The Enlightenment Era was a significant contributor on why the world was able to advance new ideas concerning science as well as social and economical problems during that time period. The scientific revolution was a major cause of a new way of thinking which allowed scholars to suggest different ideas and tactics that would improve society. One of these examples were Adam Smith's proposition of capitalism instead of mercantilism. In addition, another new idea proposed was the heliocentric system by Nicolaus Copernicus which questioned the Bible by saying the sun was the center of the universe not the earth. These ideas both addressed economical problems as the government would not be able to interfere with production. Lastly, because the heliocentric system questioned Church beliefs, it also supported social problems as the Church was once again contradicted.
Dakarai: I agree with your statement. Laissez faire was a major step in understanding the econpmical problems during the Enlightenment. If it weren't for it, then the government would be able to be powerful
Uriel: I agree with you on the fact that Voltaire and Locke were key advocates during the Enlightenment. Their new ways of thinking led to other advancements in rationalizing the problems during that time period and beyond.
The Enlightenment was a philosophical, intellectual, and cultural movement of the seventeenth and eighteenth century. Many people turned to enlightenment ideas for a better understanding of everything because they believed if they can understand the universe using the scientific method and reason, that they can understand many other things also. Thinkers of this era argued that reason alone is sufficient to reform societies. They criticized intolerance and inequality in the society. John Locke, one of the principle figures of Enlightenment, advocated for religious tolerance, human equality and liberty. The age of Enlightenment also had a great effect on the economy. The economic system laissez faire was introduced. Laissez faire is a fundamental economic principle in Capitalism.
Susie,
I agree with your statement. However, the new ideas did not only affect the church. They influenced society in a multitude of ways. For example, women were influenced to stand up and work for their rights as education became something of value. The enlightenment helped to influence forms of leadership as well. For instance, Rosseau beliefs supported the idea of a social contract that put society's benefit before individuals.
The Enlightenment was a time that changed many things, and allowed mankind to move forward into a more modernized world. One example of progress due to the enlightenment was the use of reason over religion. Due to Galileo's thought, who believed that science and religion could not mix and that only one was right, he believed in the Copernican theory rather than the Aristotelian. The more publicity that the Copernican theory of the sun being of the center of the universe received, the more people doubted the beliefs of the church. Plus with the new scientific method created by Bacon and Descartes many had begun to conduct experiments to prove their theories, rather than just believe what they heard by ear. Through this more science was conducted to improve mankind's life and make things simpler.
Leilah, I agree with your statement that the enlightenment went beyond the authority of the church. Due to many new scientific theories many of the church's belief were disproved and shown as false. This overall created doubt in the Catholic church. Through this more people went reason rather than religion.
Jeremy, I concur with your statement. John Locke had indeed advocated the belief that people had been born with Life, Liberty, and Property. Because of this people had begun to think that if a monarch did not protect these rights, he was not a good monarch at all. Locke's belief had influenced the enlightened despots which created a better monarchy.
The enlightenment era helped guide people to have a better understanding of everyday problems because the new ideas brought upon a new way of thinking. People like Adam Smith had some strong and influential works on the economic growth and social progress. Adam smith believed that mercantile system of England should be abolished. In other words Smith believed that the foundation of a natural economic system was by economic liberty. Mercantilism assured that the nation would be able to secure its wealth, however what about the people? Smith felt that in order to encourage economic growth was to have the people pursue their own economic interests. The businesses would compete amongst one another and the economy would expand.
I believe that the reason people turned to the new science ideas because educated people were the people who produced those ideas. The common people just followed the ideas of the catholic church, so when educated people published their ideas the people wanted to listen. Also because it went against the church which, like in renaissance times they always jumped onto the bandwagon and went against the church too. One example is when people would go to school to get educated on the new science. They even went to science meetings to discusses new ideas and review each others theories. All in all people turned to the new science to learn about themselves and how they originated.
The Age of Enlightenment was a cultural movement in the 18th century that allowed individuals to understand society using reason and the newly gained knowledge of science of the outside world. In France, the Enlightenment spread through salons in which foreigners would gather to share literacy ideas with one another. Also, women, such as Mary Wollstonecraft, had a part during the Enlightenment as well. Wollstonecraft had written a variety of books, like "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman", in which she believed that women were not naturally inferior to men but only appear to be because of their lack of education. In doing so, women were given more credit and allowed to share and spread their ideas through salons to foreigners, contributing to new ideas during the Enlightenment. During the Enlightenment, there were philosophers like Rousseau who expressed their ideas of how society would work best. However in Rousseau's case, he was against a society and preached that men were naturally good until society corrupted them. Overall to him, a natural man was better than a civilized man and like Hobbes, he believed in natural law inherited by God for which a divine justice will ultimately be carried out.
Christian H
I personally agree with your claims in Adam Smith. He did feel that capitalism would expand Europe's economy. Copernicus's heliocentric system was against what the church believed and showed that the church was false once again.
Natasja
I agree with what you said about how bot Descartes and Bacon's ideas came together to create the scientific method and because of this people were able to conduct experiments and test theories for themselves.
@Alex
I agree with your beliefs of the Enlightenment causing free-thinking and curiosity to spread throughout Europe creating better understanding without the influence of the Catholic Church.Philosophes had a great deal to do with the opinions of how society and the economy would work best and the expansion of those opinions. I believe these opinions effected the monarchs of the Enlightenment rulers such as Catherine the Great and Joseph ll. I also like your example of "laissez faire" and its "invisible hand" impact on the market.
@Amanda I agree with your belief that people turned to new science because the growth of knowledge in other individuals. I see how you would think that surfs mostly stuck to Catholic Church teachings and became interested once they knew of a different source of explanation. I like how you made a connection back to the time of the Renaissance in which the people turned against Church ideas to discover new ones. I also believed the universities throughout Europe had a great deal to do with the education of the new science and its spreading.
The Scientific Revolution was a time when a new way of thinking were developed. People like Isaac Newton, Galileo, and Bacon established new ideas that question old beliefs that were according to the church. The enlightenment came from the revolution and made a big impact on society. It was a time where people started thinking for themselves, started to question the church, and made new theories and ideas. Two things that were heavily influenced during this era were the social and economic life. Thinkers like Francis Quesnay and Adam Smith established new ways to think especially economically. Quesnay invented Tableau Economique that was separated three classes, the landowners, agricultural laborers, and artisans and merchants. There was a big attack on mercantilism as well. Because of the new ideas and new ways of thinking this changed people's life in a social aspect.
Joe,
I agree with your comment on how science helped economic and social problems of this era. there were new ideas that were established like the laissez faire. These new views questioned the church's old teachings. Since the old teachings were being challenged people started to think for themselves and this resulted in the enlightenment
Leilah,
I agree with your comment on how physiocrats like Quesnay and Smith introduced a new idea that opposed to the mercantilism system. Their views showed a way where the government didn't have to be involved in economic life. Other ideas that were developed in the revolution questioned the authority of the Catholic church. The revolution and the enlightenment really did reform society.
The 18th century Scientific Revolution was the upbringing of new ways of comprehending new ideas that were beyond control of the Catholic Church. During this time people began to think for themselves and question the Church's teachings. People such as Gallileo, Bacon, Descartes, and Isaac Newton challenged the Church's beliefs by new research and establishing new conceptions. New ideas were meant to influence and improve social and economic controversy. Adam Smith and Francis Quesnay instituted new ways of thinking economically. Quesnay created three classes which were the land owners, agricultural laborers, and artisans and merchants. Both Quesnay and Smith's ideas opposed the mercantilism system. Concepts such as capitalism, which meant that the government had no interference with economics, arose during the Scientific Revolution. In return, capitalism created a growth in agriculture and in economy. The Enlightenment also influenced social life. The concept of Deism, in which the existence of God was the rational explanation of the universe and its form, improved society. Many people started to question more of the Church's beliefs when new ideas started arising which caused people to see ways in a different perspective other than the Church's views.
Julienne,
I agree with your statement on how the was a bog attack on mercantilism and also how it changes people's life in a social aspect. These new ideas made people see have new perspectives on old beliefs and reason.
Amanda,
I agree with your comment on how people turned to new science because of more growth in knowledge. I like how you made a connection that refers back to the Renaissance and how they went against the Church.
The Enlightment was a period in history where new ideas were being introduced and ideas where being spread. Places like Salond during the enlightment where a major contributer to how ideas where spread. Many great philosophers went to salons to share the ideas. The enlightment led to many others to branch out and think of new advanced ways of thinking. The enlightment in many ways was influenced by many great thinkers. The enlightment casued many people to change there way from there ordinary thinking to a bit more logically. Many new ideas where also being introduced such as capitalism and deism. The enlightment was a very different time period where people where not thinking like they used to and created and thought of many great ideas.
In this era, the Enlightment greatly effected society and the economy. Galileo and Newton's beliefs made people question the church and create rivalry with themselves and the church. This was a huge impact on society, because it made them realize that earth is not the center of the universe and there are mathematical reasons for the laws of motion. Economically, the Tableau Economique made an impact. The tableau of econmique created by Quesnay organized the social order into three categories, such as landowners, argicultural laborers (which were the most profitable), and the merchants or artisans.
@ juilenne, I agree with your statement on Newton and Galieo establishing their ideas throughout the scientific revolution. They made a huge regard in society with the church and people's perspective on life. The church was quetsion and a renaissance like was resulted.
@ amanda, I agree with your claims due to ther fact that the people were naive to the world they lived on. They listened to the church and only the church. The scientific revolution inspired them to come outside their bubble and discover what really is happening on Earth.
The enlightenment era during the 18th century led to a new way for people to understand the economic and social problems surrounding them. Philosophers such as Newton, Galileo, and Locke from the scientific revolution created a foundation for the Enlightenment by their ideas that challenged church teachings.The thinkers of the Enlightenment, influenced by the scientific revolution, believed in shedding the light of science and reason on the world, in order to question traditional ideas and ways of doing things. This provided a model for looking reasonably on human institutions as well as nature. If people were able to understand the universe was governed by "natural law", the use of reason to analyze human nature, and how the laws applied to society, the growth in society had potential. Thinkers such as Francois Quesnay established an economic theory during this time. He created the Tableau Economique which he divided the economic classes into three and believed agriculture was the main source of the nation’s wealth. People during this time began to turn to the new science to learn a whole new perspective on things in which their own thoughts and ideas were included as well.
During the Enlightenment era, people began to believe in the new branches of science and reason rather than the abstract idea of God and religion. People turned to science by beginning to think for themselves using reason to deal with everyday situations. Because of this, people also didn't solely rely on God. People began to turn to science to answer life's questions. Enlightenment ideas were the new answers to some of life's biggest questions and religion wasn't the only answer to their problems. Locke believed everyone was born with a blank mind and people were influenced by environment and reason, not faith. Locke’s philosophy implied that people were molded by
their environment, by the experiences that they received
through their senses from their surrounding world. Overall, in the 18th century, I believe that people did in fact turn to the new science in order to create a better understanding of the social and economic problems of the day.
Amanda, I agree with the statement you made about people leaning towards new science because of the answers they would find about themselves and where they originated. The enlightenment era was an opportunity for people to discover new things and take a step forward with education. They thought if they could find answers about the universe with scientific method and reason, they can find answers about many other things.
@Natassja
I agree with how you said that the Enlightenment "allowed mankind to move forward into a more modernized world". I find this very true because like you said, using your example, the different theories and beliefs of the many philisophes caused them to conduct more experiments in order to prove their theories. Science was indeed a gateway of progress and improved mankind's life.
Ashley Chen,
I strongly agree with your statements because the scientific revolution most definitely did provide many technological advances which helped improve the social and economical life. Your example of how the telescope and thermometer improved facts are very true because it provided evidence and support which clearly impacted beliefs and lead to great discoveries.
the people turned to the science to understand basic problems because it made sense. before this science was taken notice of, the church would come up with a reason for everything that would not make any sense. the church did this so the people would just blindly belive the church because there was no better way of doing things until the scientific revolution. newton's laws of gravity and other scientisits proved the churches teaching wrong. we weren't the center of the universe so copernicus was shunned and pretty much banished from the church. but when newton and galileo came along. people started to get the idea in their head that the church was wrong and science had a much more logical factor to it than just mythical and biblical teachings. there was actual proof backing up the scientific theories as to the churches religous aspect.
Dakarai, I agree with the comment you made about laissez faire. It was a good opportunity for people to do as they wish and not have the government take part in what they did.
@natassjaaaaa
i agree with you saying that the enlightenment made the people go into a more modernized world. i agree because before the science even was a main factor, the church would come up with booboo reasons just to make the people think that the church knew everything. all of the scientists were looked down upon becuase they were challenging the church. who ever challenged the church was immediately taken care of. this is why for so long, people were hesitant to follow the more logical and science-based reasoning.
@gary Gao
i agree with gary becuase the enlightenment did help the people with everyday probelems. newton is a perfect example. an apple dropped from a tree and he wondered why that occured. people have a lot of everyday questions and those questions are answered by balony reasoning from the church. this is done to keep the people happy and to make them not rebel from the church. they use the power of religon as a basis for all logic even though it make absolutely no sense.
Natassja, i agree with you when you say that the Coperinican theory spread because of Galileo. However, I don't understand how that gave people a better understanding of social and economical problems. All that Galileo did for society was expand their knowledge of the stars and prove the church wrong. Someone who made a large impact on the economy and society was Adam Smith. His belief in Capitalism answered some of the economic problems people had during the time.
Karmen,
I do agree with the fact the government interference and the indoctrination of the Catholic Church were factors that led to the discovery of new ideas thus making people rely on themselves to solve problems. Deism did socially impact people in its belief God had created the universe, but stepped back to let humans do the rest. God did not intervene with daily affairs resulting in lower dependency on the church to solve society’s issues. Agriculture played a big role economically as well as capitalism did for society.
Nerissa,
I agree with your claims on the Enlightenment Era. The Scientific Revolution did establish a way for people to think away from the church and for themselves. Galileo, Bacon, Descartes, and Isaac Newton were all philosophers that influenced the later enlightenment thinkers in which they provided new ideas questioning the church teachings. Quesnay and Smith were both big on economical impact from Smith’s support on capitalism to Quesnay’s Tableau Economique.
Joe I agree with you the enlightment brought new ways of thinking to everything and not just one particular part. It expanded people thinking capacity in many ways.An laissez faire was a very important concept introduced.
Bailey I agree with you the Scientifc Revolution was a major break through in science. Without it we wouldnt be anywhere today. And during this period many new advancements in technology where introduced such as the theometer and the teloscope.
Leilah,
Your statements are valid and accurate. However, I believe that deism was more of a religious concept. Because the idea of deism was that religion and reason were combined, it caused people to believe that morality must be rational. This concept was developed from the idea that God was rational because only a rational God could develop such rational sciences. Due to deism, society became more tolerant as well as it suggested that not only one religion could offer all the correct answers.
The Age of Enlightenment was an 18th century movement in Europe that defined the importance of reason in analyzing and investigating. People began to turn to the enlightenment ideas because this was a period in time when people began to understand why and how thing were happening around them. For example, when Galileo discovered the moons that surrounded Jupiter, he came to the conclusion that the Earth was in fact not the center of the universe like the church taught. Once people found out the church teachings were wrong about the Earth being the center of the universe, they began to look for answers on their own. All in all people began to look to Enlightenment ideas because it gave them logical explanations of the world which validates the statement.
I agree with Alicia because the Enlightenment opened people's eyes about the world and gave them an understanding of what was going on around them. It also influenced great thinkers of the time to think outside the box and to think logically
Amanda, I agree with your statements because the people of the time just believed in whatever the church wanted them to believe and didn't understand how or why. When great thinkers of the time started to put their theories and beliefs out there and had reasons and facts the people were interested and they began to understand.
Miguel, I agree that people we're more influenced on enlightenment ideas rather scientific ideas. Things such as the laissez faire support that argument. The laissrz faire promoted more self thinking.
Pavi, I agree with what you said about how the church made the people blindly believe in what they preached. Since the church was high in society, that was mainly what the people listened to.
The new science era is when everything developed and transformed the views to something. The enlightenment was purposed for society to change by using reasoning. It was a way for people to to share their views and idea's that was socially acceptable. I think a lot of people probably started to do some more deep thinking which helped lots understand more. The advancements that happened during this time also helped majorly into understanding social and economical problems. People finally stopped just accepting what other (or higher figures) told them and started to have opinions of their own. A major role in the enlightenment had to be deism, that there was a creator of this earth.
I agree with Miguel Butiu because i think the enlightenment was more of an eyeopener then the scientific revolution. Advancements are always happening all around us. There is always the new best thing on the market and always different models coming out for sale, nothing just does not stay the same. But the enlightenment was thinking beyond the catholic church and since for a lot of people the church was the only view they had, this era was a huge eye opener for them.
I agree with beileyrachelle because i think that it was the era everyone started to open up and brought their views to the world. And I personally think with out the scientific revolution the enlightenment wouldnt have been the same. Most of the revolution and enlightenment came/ based off reasoning. Everything in both these eras expanded the minds of the people during that time period.
Those in the 18th century began turning to enlightenment ideas for a better understanding of the social and economical problems because they believed that they can have a better understanding with the use of reason and the scientific method. For example, philosophers enjoyed the way Newton used reasoning to help explain the unknowns of nature. They decided to use his tactics in other fields such as economics and education. These uses of reasoning is actually what led up to the Enlightenment area of the Age of Reason. A philosopher named John Locke believed that people should be able to govern themselves. His ideas influenced many other people and formed a government of what we now call democracy which improved society as a whole. The enlightenment completed altered the way people thought about everything such as society and economics. In our current time, we can see the effects the 18th century had on us.
The Enlightenment was an era of new philosophies and ideas that were spoken with logical reason and proof. I firmly believe that the people in the 18th century were more inspired to commend towards the enlightenment ideas in order to gain more knowledge on understanding the social and economical issues than those who were more interested in the science. The new discoveries that were made from the government made a contradiction from what the Catholic Church has been telling the people which created more questions and conspiracy towards them. Ideas such as deism, laissez faire, and everything occurring with the scientific revolution had put pressure upon the church. A large amount of controversy was created, which allowed people to think more logically and were inspired to those were sought the truth for themselves.
Alondra, I agree how more individuals began to look towards the enlightenment ideas in order to find more reason within society. Discoveries such as Galileo's theory that the earth wasn't the center of the universe which contradicted the church's teaching had made many people question also.
Karissa, I also agree with the statements that new philosophers such as Newton, Galileo, and Locke impacted the enlightenment because of their new innovations and ideas which also disproved some of the church's theories. By providing a view of human institution that the universe was governed by natural law, allowed people to think more logically using reason and not by whatever the church says.
The Enlightenment ideas in the 18th century greatly affected the social and economic predicaments in that time period. An intellectual movement that spread throughout Europe, it came right after the scientific revolution and was based on the needs of the people and government. Humans were more knowledgeable in their endeavors through the importance of reason, progress, separation of religion and economy, and popular government. For example, Montesquieu, a philosopher, developed laws concerning the government, economy, and human nature. The "laissez faire" promoted self thinking which supported the idea of self-thinking and rational ideas. To mention, Rousseau believed an individual should not be affected by the ways of civilization, and start thinking for themselves instead of believing whatever what told to them by the church or higher authority.
@Miguel,
I disagree with your statement concerning the social and economical points as a focus, instead of scientific advancements. One of the biggest discoveries was Copernicus and the revolution of the planets around the Sun. People no longer believed the Catholic Church's theory that the Earth was the center of the universe. This sparked a chain of realization, that humans can think for themselves and have their own beliefs upon society and government.
@ Ashley Chen
I agree that Galileo made a significant discovery and greatly affected the Enlightenment. However, he was not the greatest contributor to the Enlightenment period. Isaac Newton who discovered the laws of gravity, influenced the ideas and thoughts of people who were brainwashed by the Catholic Church and caused them to have their own opinions and have their own beliefs.
Pavi,
I agree with you in how these philosophers proved the church wrong, causing people to think different, which lead to the enlightenment era.
18th century Europe saw an age of scientific discovery and innvoation, as well as the spread of a vast amount of new ideals all dervived from a new way of thinking unique to time period known as the Enlightenment. New advancements like the printing press allowed the ideas of high level free thinkers to spread across all of Europe faster than ever before. The thinkers created ideas which people used to tackle the social and economic problems of the day such as oppressive absolutist monarchs and inequality amongst the nobiity and the working classes. These thinkers, philosophers as they were called, such as John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Montesqieu each had their views on human nature which influenced what form of government they each belived. For example John Locke thought that humans were naturally good-willed and all had the God-given rights to life liberty, and property, as such he believed that governemts should be democracies created to protect peoples' rights, interpret their will, and have a trust based relationship with the governed. Contrastingly,Thomas Hobbes believed humans were inherently greedy, competitive, and cruel; therefore that only an absolute monarch would be able to maintain order. Montesqieu however formed the idea of multi-bodied government in which pwer was separated into three branches each of which could check the power of the other so that no one would have too much power; two the branches included and individual ruler and also an elected body of reprsentatives. There were many figures and groups throughout the enlightenment who have used these new beliefs to their benefit. For instance Fredick the Great of Prussia invited French philosophe Voltaire to stay at his palace in exchange for governing advice and with Voltaire's enlightenment ideals, Fredrick built a strong agriculture based economy, ensued many social reforms, enforced religious tolerance, created a large professional army, and thus effectively ushered in a golden age for Prussia in which it was revered as a great power. Another example of people using enlightenment ideas for social reforms was the French Rebellion force as the French rebels based their new government on the ideas of French philosophes such as Montesqieu's and Roasseau's call for an representative party which was elected by and vocied the the will of the people. Aside from social reform, enlightenment thinkers proposed entirely new economic systems to solve Europe's financial issues. Adam Smith wrote about the system of Capitalism in his book, "The Wealth of Nations"; this system centered on maximizing revenue and continous economic exspansion. The capitalist ideal of Laissez-Faire was particularily popular among traders because it propsed free-trade for all in a country with the government having no jurisdiction to moniter, regulate, or interfere with. Many European nations, espcially trading empires such as England and the Netherlands, quickly sought to practice new economic systems to accumalte as much wealth as possible for themsleves. Conclusively, people living during early modern Europe clearly displayed usage of the enlightenment way of thinking by analysis and inquiry to solve the various social and economic problems of the time.
Christian Hasan,
I support your arguement that Capitalism and Copernicus's Heliocentric view greatly revolutionized how people understood econmonic problems. Adam's Smith's idea of capitalism allowed the spread of the idea of free trade to merchants across Europe and raised questions over what level should government be able to regulate trade. Cornipicus's teachings about the Sun being the center of the universe greatly damaged the public image of the church and inspired many commoners to understand natural phemonmenon as well as society using observations and anlaysis as opposed to blindly beliveing church teachings.
Bailey Rachelle,
Although I do agree the Scientific Revolutions played an important role in helping people find new ways to percieve the world and also led the development of enlightenment teachings, I belive the influenced peoples's enlightened understanding in a different way. Newton's inquiry on understanding the natural world revolves around observation. The combination Descartes's and Bacon's inductive and deductive resulted in the Scientific Method which allows scientific discovery through experimentation. I do not believe these to ideals directly lead to political and social reform. However I do believe with the advances created with these two thinking methoids, people began to put their faith in free thought and analysis, this led them to develop their own views on humanity and the problems with society and economy that resulted from unequality amongst the noblity and working classes as well as the ambition of absolute monarchs who seek complete control of the people. Simpy put, Enlightenment thinkers used the "understanding through observation and experimentation" thought process of the Scientific Revolution to develop new social and economic models which they thought could improve socitey.
Throughout the 18th century, much of society conformed to the enlightenment ideas to have a better understanding of their rigorous obstacles. In my opinion, I believe people depended on the new science due to the unreliability the Catholic Church had to offer. Furthermore, individuals like philosophes threw out their own renditions on how nature works through new scientific development like observation and reason. One philosopher that should be noted is Voltaire. Voltaire despised the Catholic Church for not fulfilling their role properly, which was the main component of of all religious traditions. In addition, he was a deist, where one believes that God created the universe and allowed it to be continued through the laws of science. In short terms, Voltaire believed that religion destroyed human's spirits and was needed to "Écrasez l'infame!" (Crush the horrible thing!).
I agree with Dakarai concerning to the fact that the age of Enlightenment was a time where religious beliefs were put aside. In addition to his statement, I would also like to add that the Catholic Church was also a main contribution into the lost of such interest during this era. The Catholic Church demonstrated how much of its attention had been lossed through its corrupted system.
I agree with Ashley due to her statement in the advances of technology. Without inventions such as the telescope and thermometer, questions would still be standing. In addition to technological advances, I believe the invention of the printing press is also a notable contribution. For example, scientificc knowledge could spread much rapidly because of the printing press. The printing press also helped develop books to help inform individuals about recent scientific discoveries.
Gary,
I agree with your statement in how some philosophers like Adam Smith and their ideas would have a strong influence on others. I can see how Smith's influence can have a huge impact on the economy and society.
According to the Enlightenment Era, people began to realize that technology can improve people's everyday lives. Technology and discoveries such as nautical instruments, and laws discovered by Kepler affected the economy of a government. Whether or not, it was the right season or right weather to set sail and import goods, was greatly depended on their technology advancement. Not only did the Enlightenment Era greatly affect the economy of a government but also led people to realize the laws of nature, cherish the idea of human rights, and also use logic more often while still implementing a respectable amount of religion in reasoning. People also became more active in society, as they questioned nature more, rather than listening to the Church. Thus, leading to the fact that the Enlightenment greatly influenced Kings and the people, economically and socially.
@Alex Tung, I completely agree with you on the fact that the Enlightenment Era had emphasized the importance of basic human rights. People began to voice out about the Church, and question/experiment with logic, thus leading the Church to be exposed and proven wrong in many cases.
@Justin Nguyen, I totally agree with you on the great impact of technology during the Enlightenment Era, however I feel that you should elaborate more, and give a few examples on what specific technology and how it affected the economic and social problems during that time.
The Enlightenment brought around many new ways of thought. Not only was new logical ways of thinking brought about but also economic and political. One example of how new economic ideas were introduced was Adam Smith’s idea of Capitalism. This idea began as a way to battle against mercantilism. Smith’s idea of Capitalism even helped to shape the government that we currently have today, thanks to the Enlightenment. An example of change politically was Smith’s ideas that the government should not be active in the citizens’ lives. Smith believed in a concept known as the “invisible hand” which was yet another new political idea brought about by the Enlightenment.
@Bailey
I agree that many new ways of thinking were brought about due to Enlightenment. I agree with you the Bacon’s inductive reasoning way a key factor of this era and that it helped shaped the scientific method. However, I believe that Bacon’s ideas were more logically based than politically and economically. In addition I believe that the idea of Capitalism was introduced and greatly affected modern day society.
@Dakarai
I agree with you that the idea of “let it be” was brought about by the Enlightenment. This was a new political view that the Enlightenment influenced and created. I agree that Copernicus’s astronomical ideas were introduced during that time and proved to be very crucial. However, I found that his ideas were more logical and astronomical than political or economic.
The scientific revolution is like a time of a new world. People began to question more things about the church and the natural world. This was also a time when people went against the church. During this time philosophers used the scientific method to analyze there hypothesis. Although many people didn't believe him, Galileo realized and proved that Earth is moving. Newton discovered the laws of gravity and how gravity keeps the planets aligned.
Bailey,
I agree with your comment. The scientific revolution and the ideas of Newton all contributed to the development of the enlightenment.
Karmen,
I also agree with Karmen's comment because, with the enlightenmnet, caused people to break away from the church and have to think for them selves when they had situations.
The scientific revolution is like a time of a new world. People began to question more things about the church and the natural world. This was also a time when people went against the church. During this time philosophers used the scientific method to analyze there hypothesis. Although many people didn't believe him, Galileo realized and proved that Earth is moving. Newton discovered the laws of gravity and how gravity keeps the planets aligned.
Bailey,
I agree with your comment. The scientific revolution and the ideas of Newton all contributed to the development of the enlightenment.
Karmen,
I also agree with Karmen's comment because, with the enlightenmnet, caused people to break away from the church and have to think for them selves when they had situations.
Ashley chen, I agree with your statement that many technological advances came out of this new era of science. They helped evolve the theories of these great scientific minds. These technological advances helped solve many of the economic and political issues from then. Although they seem to be minor inventions they still influence our lives today.
Dakarai, I completely agree with your statement about the "laissez faire"."Laissez faire" simply means let them do as they please, or let them be independent. During the enlightenment ideas of capitalism and the removal of government from the economy began to flourish. It gave society a sense of liberty and that was impowering.
Ashley chen, I agree with your statement that many technological advances came out of this new era of science. They helped evolve the theories of these great scientific minds. These technological advances helped solve many of the economic and political issues from then. Although they seem to be minor inventions they still influence our lives today.
The new science era that was founded in Europe was the blame for most problems in that time period.Although new science would effect people later on, the new scientific views effected most people in the 18th century. I believe the most effective part that the new logic was on social parts of the time. An example of a social effect would be with John Locke. He has said that if the government isn't correctly protecting peoples rights, the people can dissolve the government. Many people looked upon this in high or low views. It gave the people a sense of power within their country, and let them feel as if they had a say in certain government. Since the logic coming out from Locke, it changed how people view the government overall and further effected the future because now people have a say in government and who shall be our leader.
@Leilah
I agree with what you were saying about how the economic side of the country was effected however I believe the social side was effected more. Although mercantilism was effected I believe that is more social because it speaks that the government would have no interference with the peoples choice making it more social. But as you said the government did stay out of economic affairs making it economic. I both agree and disagree with you.
@dakari, I agree with you that under the Enlightenment, laissez faire' emerged. It did promote the idea that government and said that they should not have any control over trade, thus making it more effective. This was a result of what some philsophs believed would help the economy. Although this question is for the Enlightenment, you could say that the new views of the universe created a more knowledgeable society as that was often a problem.
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